& om 1-159 te hocnuse all of the dogs are developing cancer, itis impossible to infer what . . would hippen at lower exposures: : HLH ) * ay -¢ “Fr ob simple proportionality does, however, v suggest that present human sftrndards are too lax by.at least a factor of ten. i Second, because the radiation dose is large, with tissue injury almost killing the dogs; and because large numbers of particles are involved, often x it is improbable that the risk fron: disruptive particles acting in conjunction; ean be inferred. And after al®, this is what we need to know, since almost all human exposures will involve hot.particles acting independently, and if ‘ there is a risk from these particles, it will be additive throughout the popuand there will be Pos SOS SRSA ES reteiesHeFT lation; -~there ‘will be no question of a threshold burden; a possibility that a man with an undetectable burden of a few particles will develop a cancer as a consequence. et ay ee ek Et PE SE es Lek oe ee ta Faoee Ld nclig AP. tk le ORs Maeel 2 STS Ra RO Te see NY: eee etmek yet cemmne + RS ee ee HS Ae mnnm Ome EO ee et ee a ee ee ee ee . = SPURT SR Sa ARR taEL a binD dee ate Tetood 0boel heel aw aid * So laf:MEMEaliaASOT! GERMtl RAP 2 TO ES SN merne Ss Ne Reale me ae mets aoe ta Batenmarmite ear tee wee ere . Ser ee es ememes ee © ae eee ee a ee wee een eecreer cen tome eee ences oe wee cee er tee we Ae cee eon Be hea te es ee ee ee eSeee mee ee a1 eat ne ee eee cee eee ° For the exrosyres of concern, 1000 people with 100 disruptive particles each «ill suffer as many total cancers 2. as 10,000 people with 10 particles each, or as 100 people with1000 particles each. Re ee eee In 1964 .2 through 1956 contractors indicated an average total of 21 people per year . . i i . a with over 25% of a maximum permissible burden of plutonium (Ross, D.M., 1968). Three out of four of these exposures derived from inhalation. To ease oS te A. be reasonably useful, the documentation of exposure must go back more eben Week Vecece bPtS uth has been around for 25 wears, and peopie have been exposed. Plutonium J et ee Oe wee: eras soe than 1S years, because of the latent pericd for radiation induced cancer. hi recent years documentation has improved greatly, but from carly days ~ 4. Vireo ic pititally litle of relevance to the het particle proble m in the lunse. ws. Human experience does not givé-us the answer either.